SPM Form 4 Physics Formulae List
SPM Form 5 Physics Formulae List

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Mind Map

Form 4 Form 5
  1. Introduction to Physics
  2. Force and Motion
  3. Force and Pressure
  4. Heat
  5. Light
  1. Waves
  2. Electricity
  3. Electromagnetism
  4. Electronics
  5. Radioactivity


Revision Notes

Form 4 (Video)

01 Introduction to Physics (Video)

Revision Notes Videos
  1. Physical Quantities
    1. Base Quantities
    2. Derived Quantities
    3. Exercises – Conversion of the Unit of Speed, Density and Pressure (Download pdf)
    4. Scalar and Vector Quantities
  2. Scientific Notation and Significant Figure
  3. Prefixes (Video 1)
  4. Measurement and Error
    1. Consistency, Accuracy and Sensitivity
  5. Measuring Instruments
    1. Ruler, Thermometer and Stopwatch
    2. Vernier Caliper
    3. Micrometer Screw Gauge
    4. Ammeter and Voltmeter
  6. Scientific Investigation
  1. Introduction
  2. Physical Quantities Part 1 | Part 2
  3. Base Quantities Part 1 | Part 2
  4. SI Base Unit
  5. Derived Quantities
  6. Derived Unit
  7. Unit of Density and Speed
  8. Scientific Notation
  9. Significant Figure
  10. Number of Significant Figure - Exercise
  11. Prefixes
  12. Conversion of Number with Prefix to Normal Number
  13. Conversion of Normal Number to Number with Prefix 
  14. Conversion of a Prefix to Another Prefix
  15. Calculating Period of Time by Using Calculator
  16. Scalar Quantities and Vector Quantities
  17. Systematic Error Part 1| Part 2
  18. Random Error
  19. Parallax Error
  20. Zero Error
  21. Consistency
  22. Relative Deviation
  23. Vernier Caliper Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4
  24. Micrometer Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4
  25. Stopwatch Part 1 | Part 2
  26. Thermometer
  27. Ammeter and Voltmeter

Objective Questions

  1. Base Quantities (4 Questions)
  2. Derived Quantities 1 (6 Questions)
  3. Derived Quantities 2 (4 Questions)
  4. Prefixes (6 Questions)
  5. Prefixes of Derived Units (6 Questions)
  6. Measurement 1 - Error Analysis (6 Questions)
  7. Measurement 2 - Consistency, Accuracy and Sensitivity (7 Questions)
  8. Measuring Instrument 1 - Vernier Caliper and Micrometer (5 Questions)
  9. Measuring Instrument 2 - (7 Questions)

02 Force and Motion

Revision Notes Videos
  1. Linear Motion
    1. Distance and Displacement
    2. Speed and Velocity
    3. Acceleration
    4. Motion with Uniform Acceleration (Download Questions - pdf)
  2. Ticker Timer and Ticker Tape
    1. Finding Velocity from Ticker Tape
    2. Finding Acceleration from Ticker Tape
  3. Graph of Motion
    1. Displacement-Time Graph
    2. Velocity-Time Graph
    3. Graph of Free Falling Object
  4. Mass and Inertia
  5. Momentum
    1. Principle of Conservation of momentum
    2. Elastic and Inelastic Collision
    3. Application of Momentum
  6. Effects of Force
  7. Types of Forces and Newton's Third Law of Motion
  8. Impulse
    1. Impulsive Force
    2. Safety Features in Vehicles
  9. Gravity
    1. Free Falling
    2. Lift
  10. Pulley
  11. Vector Quantities
    1. Vector Addition
    2. Vector Resolution
    3. Forces in Equilibrium
  12. Work
    1. Work Done by/Against the Gravity
    2. Finding Work Done from a Graph
  13. Energy
  14. Potential Energy
    1. Kinetic Energy
    2. Relationship between Energy and Work Done
  15. Power
    1. Efficiency
  16. Elasticity
    1. Hooke's Law
    2. Spring (Video)
  17. Formulae List - Mind Map
  1. Introduction
  2. Distance vs Displacement - Part 1 | Part 2 | Example
  3. Speed and Velocity | Example
  4. Acceleration Part 1 | Part 2 | Example
  5. Positive and Negative Sign of Acceleration
  6. Analysing Acceleration
  7. Uniform Acceleration - Learning Focus
  8. Equation of Uniform Acceleration 
  9. Motion with Uniform Acceleration | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5
  10. Uniform Acceleration - Technique in Answering Calculation Questions
  11. Ticker Tape - Introduction
  12. Ticker Tape Timer
  13. Ticker Tape (Sample Question)
  14. Ticker Tape - Dots and Ticks
  15. Analysing Ticker Tape
  16. Ticker Tape Chart | Example 1
  17. Finding Time from a Ticker Tape
  18. Finding Velocity from a Ticker Tape - Part 1 | Part 2
  19. Finding Acceleration from a Ticker Tape
  20. Finding Acceleration from a Ticker Tape Chart
  21. Steps in Solving Linear Motion Problems - Part 1 (Common Mistake)
  22. Step in Solving Linear Motion Problems - Part 2 (Choose the Correct Equation)
  23. Step in Solving Linear Motion Problems - Part 3 (Substitution and solving the Equation)
  24. Steps in Solving Linear Motion Problems - Example 1 | Example 4
  25. Graph of Motion - Learning Focus
  26. Gradient of a Graph - Part 1 | Part 2
  27. Area Below the Graph
  28. Displacement-Time Graph | Continue
  29. Velocity-Time Graph | Continue
  30. Displacement - Time Graph (Exercise 1) | Exercise 2
  31. Velocity-Time Graph | Continue | Example
  32. Displacement-Time Graph to Velocity-Time Graph
  33. Acceleration-Time Graph - Part 1 | Part 2
  34. Graph of Free Falling - Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5 | Part 6
  35. Mass and Inertia
  36. Momentum - Introduction
  37. Understanding Momentum - Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Part 4 | Part 5
  38. Principle of Conservation of Momentum - Introduction | The Equation | Summary of the Equations
  39. Applications Principle of Conservation of Momentum - Part 1 | Part 2
  40. Work Done
  41. Kinetic Energy
  42. Potential Energy
  43. Principle of Conservation of Energy
  44. Elasticity of Substances and Hooke's Law
  45. Factors That Affect the Elasticity of Springs

03 Force and Pressure

Revision Notes Videos
  1. Understanding Pressure
    1. Example 1
    2. Example 2
    3. Example 3
    4. Applications of High Pressure
    5. Applications of Low Pressure
  2. Pressure in Liquid
    1. Example 1
    2. Example 2
    3. Example 3
    4. Pressure in Liquid - The U-Tube
      1. Example 1
      2. Example 2
    5. Characteristics of Liquid Pressure
    6. Applications of Pressure in Liquid
  3. Gas Pressure
    1. Atmospheric Pressure
    2. Proof of Existence of Atmospheric Pressure
    3. Applications of Atmospheric Pressure
    4. Instruments to Measure Atmospheric Pressure
      1. Simple Mercury Barometer  (Video1, Video2)
      2. Example 1
      3. Example 2
      4. Example 3
      5. Example 4
      6. Example 5
      7. Example 6
      8. Example 7
      9. Fortin Barometer
      10. Aneroid Barometer
    5. Instruments Used to Measure Gas Pressure
      1. Bourdon Gauge
      2. Manometer  (Download questions)
    6. Gas Trapped in a Capillary Tube  (Download questions (pdf))
  4. Pascal's Principle
    1. Numerical Problems (Download questions (pdf)) (Video1)
    2. Applications of Pascal's Priciple
    3. Structure Question (Download questions (pdf))
  5. Archimedes' Principle
    1. Numerical Problems (Download questions (pdf)) (Video1)
    2. Principle of Floatation
    3. Buoyant Force and Weight of Object
    4. Forces Acted on Objects Immersed in Liquid
    5. Applications of Archimedes' Principle
    6. Structure Question (Download questions (pdf))
  6. Bernoulli's Principle
    1. Experiments Related to Bernoulli’s Principle (Video1)
    2. Applications of Bernoulli's Principle
    3. Structure Question 1 (Download questions (pdf))
  7. Formulae List - Mind Map
  1. Liquid Pressure
  2. Characteristics of Liquid Pressure
  3. Gas Pressure
  4. Atmospheric Pressure
  5. Simple Mercury Barometer | Examples
  6. Difference of Pressure between 2 Points
  7. Atmospheric Pressure (Sample Question)
  8. Finding Pressure in the Unit of cmHg and Pa
  9. Manometer - Part 1 | Examples
  10. Pascal's Principle
  11. Hydraulic System
  12. Hydraulic System (Example)
  13. Archimedes' Principle
  14. Forces Acted on Objects Immersed in Liquid
  15. Bernoulli's Principle (Venturi Effect)
  16. Application of Bernoulli's Principle

04 Heat

Revision Notes Videos
  1. Thermal Energy, Heat and Temperature
    1. Thermal Equilibrium
    2. Applications of Thermal Equilibrium
    3. Liquid in Glass Thermometer
    4. Calibrating a Thermometer
  2. Heat Capacity
    1. Specific Heat Capacity
    2. Numerical Problems (Video1)
    3. Thermal Energy Gain and Loss
    4. Conversion of Energy
    5. Applications of Specific Heat Capacity
      1. Cooking Pot
      2. Cooling System of Car Engine
      3. Factories with Low Ceiling
      4. Thermal Radiator
    6. Phenomena Related to Specific Heat Capacity
      1. Sea Breeze
      2. Land Breeze
      3. Moderate Climate
  3. Latent Heat
    1. The Heating Curve
    2. The Cooling Curve
    3. Specific Latent Heat
    4. Measuring the Specific Latent Heat of Fusing of Ice
    5. Measuring the Specific Latent Heat of Vaporisation of Water
    6. Evaporation
    7. Numerical Problems
  4. Gas Laws
    1. Kinetic Theory of Gases
    2. Boyle's Law
    3. Pressure's Law
    4. Charles' Law
    5. Universal Gas Law
    6. Numerical Problems
  5. Formulae List - Mind Map
  1. Thermal Equilibrium
  2. Concept of Heat Capacity
  3. Specific Heat Capacity
  4. Thermal Gains and Losses (Example)
  5. Latent Heat
  6. Specific Latent Heat
  7. Boyle's Law



Objective Questions

  1. Thermal Equilibrium (5 Questions)
  2. Specific Heat Capacity (6 Questions)
  3. Specific Latent Heat (5 Questions)
  4. Gas Laws (6 Questions)


05 Light

Revision Notes Videos
  1. Reflection of Light
    1. Real Image and Virtual Image
    2. Plane Mirror
    3. Curved Mirror
      1. Concave Mirror
      2. Convex Mirror
      3. Finding the Position and Size of the Image
      4. The Ray Diagram and the Types of Image (Video1, Video2)
  2. Refraction of Light
    1. Snell's Law
    2. Refractive Index
    3. Natural Phenomenon due to Refraction of Light
  3. Total Internal Reflection and Critical Angle (Video)
    1. Phenomena Related to Total Internal Reflection
  4. Lenses
    1. Power of Lenses
    2. Convex Lens
      1. Characteristics of the Image Formed by a Convex Lens (Video)
    3. Concave Lens
      1. Characteristics of the Image Formed by a Concave Lens
    4. Lens Equation
  5. Optical Instruments
    1. Magnifying Glass
    2. Camera (Video)
    3. Projector
    4. Astronomical Telescope
    5. Compound Microscope
  6. Formulae List - Mind Map
  1. The Laws of Reflection
  2. Plane Mirror
  3. Applications of Plane Mirror
  4. Law of Reflection of Light
  5. Curved Mirror
  6. Drawing Ray Diagram of Concave Mirror
  7. Drawing Ray Diagram of a Convex Mirror
  8. Refraction of Light
  9. Refraction of Light - Part 2
  10. Snell's Law (The Laws of Refraction)
  11. Refractive Index (Law of Refraction)
  12. Real Depth and Apparent Depth (Law of Refraction)
  13. Image Formed by Convex Lens
  14. Image Formed by Concave Lens
  15. Total Internal Reflection - Critical Angle (Part 1) | Part 2 | Example 1
  16. Requirements for Total Internal Reflection to Occur
  17. Phenomena Related to Total Internal Reflection - Part 1 | Part 2
  18. Applications of Total Internal Reflection
  19. Characteristics of Image formed by a Convex Lens
  20. Camera
  21. Astronomical Telescope
  22. Compound Microscope
  23. Comparing Compound Microscope and Astronomical Telescope

Objective Questions

  1. Reflection of Light – Plane Mirror (4 Questions)
  2. Reflection of Light (5 Questions)
  3. Refraction (7 Questions)
  4. Total Internal Reflection (5 Questions)
  5. Lenses (5 Questions)
  6. Lenses – Numerical Problems (4 Questions)
  7. Optical Instruments (4 Questions)

Form 5

01 Waves

Revision Notes Videos
  1. Oscillation (Video 1, Video 2)
    1. Displacement-Time Graph
    2. Damping and Force Oscillation
    3. Resonance
  2. Waves
    1. Types of Waves
    2. Finding Wavelength from Diagram
    3. Displacement-Distance Graph (Video 1)
  3. Phenomena of Waves
    1. Reflection
      1. Reflection of Light Wave
      2. Reflection of Sound Wave
    2. Refraction
      1. Speed of Waves
      2. Refraction of Waves at a Boundary
      3. Refraction in Daily Life
      4. Refraction of Light Wave
      5. Refraction of Sound Wave
      6. Phenomenon Related to Refraction of Sound Wave
    3. Diffraction
      1. Diffraction of Light Wave
      2. Diffraction of Sound Wave
    4. Interference
      1. Wave Pattern of Interference
      2. Interference of Light Wave
      3. Interference of Sound Wave
  4. Sound Wave
    1. Loudness and Pitch
    2. Applications of Sound Wave
  5. Electromagnetic Waves
    1. Electromagnetic Waves Spectrum
    2. Applications of Electromagnetic Waves
  6. Formulae List - Mind Map
  1. Introduction to Oscillation
  2. Oscillation - Equilibrium Position
  3. Finding the Amplitude
  4. Resonance
  5. Classification of Waves
  6. Finding Wavelength from Diagram
  7. Factor Affecting Velocity, Frequency and Wavelength
  8. Ripple Tank
  9. Law of Reflection of Waves
  10. How to Draw the Wave Front Diagram
  11. Reflection of Light Wave
  12. Applications of Reflection of Light Wave
  13. Refraction of Waves at a Boundary
  14. Drawing Wavefront Diagram of Refraction
  15. Refraction of Light Wave
  16. Refraction of Sound Wave
  17. Diffraction
  18. Drawing the Wavefront of Diffracted Wave
  19. Principle of Superposition
  20. Interference
  21. Young's Double Slits Experiment
  22. Sound Wave
  23. Applications of Sound Wave
  24. Electromagnetic Waves
  25. Spectrum of Electromagnetic Waves


Objective Questions

  1. Understanding Wave 1 – Oscillation(4 Questions)
  2. Understanding Wave 2 – Fundamental of Waves (8 Questions)
  3. Understanding Wave 3 – Numerical Problems (5 Questions)
  4. Phenomena of Wave 1 – Reflection and Refraction (7 Questions)
  5. Phenomena of Wave 2 – Diffraction (4 Questions)
  6. Phenomena of Wave 3 – Interference (5 Questions)
  7. Sound Wave (6 Questions)
  8. Electromagnetic Wave – Fundamental (6 Questions)
  9. Electromagnetic Wave – Light Wave (7 Questions)


02 Electricity

Revision Notes Videos
  1. Fundamental of Electricity
    1. Electric Charge
    2. Electric Field
    3. Effect of Electric Field
      1. Effect of Electric Field on a Ping Pong Ball Coated with Conducting Material
      2. A Candle Flame in an Electric Field
    4. Current
    5. Potential and Potential Difference
      1. Relationship Between Current and Potential Difference
      2. Resistance
  2. Series Circuit and Parallel Circuit
    1. Resistance in series and parallel Circuit
      1. Comparing the resistance in series/parallel/combine circuit
      2. Finding the resistance of an individual resistor
    2. Current in a Circiut
    3. Potential and Potential Difference in a Circuit
    4. Finding Current in a Series Circuit
    5. Finding Current in a Parallel Circuit
    6. Finding Potential Difference in a Series Circuit
  3. Electromotive Force
    1. Difference between Electromotive Force and Potential Difference
    2. Internal Resistance and Potential Difference Drop
    3. Measuring e.m.f. and Internal Resistance
      1. Open Circuit/Close Circuit
      2. Simultaneous Equation
      3. Linear Graph
  4. Electrical Energy, Power and Efficiency
    1. Electrical Energy
    2. Electrical Power
      1. Sum of the Power
      2. Power Rating
      3. Energy Consumption
    3. Efficiency of Electrical Appliance
    4. Steps to Save Electricity
  5. Formulae List - Mind Map
 1. Electric Charge
2. Electric Field
3. Ping Pong Ball in an Electric Field
4. A Candle Flame in an Electric Field
5. Ohm's Law
6. Resistance
7. Factors Affecting the Resistance
8. Series Circuit and Parallel Circuit
9. Effective Resistance in Series and Parallel Circuits
10. Current in a Circuit
11. Potential Difference in a Circuit
12. Finding Current in a Series Circuit
13. Electromotive Force (e.m.f.)

Objective Questions

  1. Electric Charge and Field (6 Questions)
  2. Current (7 Questions)
  3. Potential Difference (5 Questions)
  4. Ohm’s Law and Resistivity (7 Questions)
  5. Understanding Circuit – Resistance (7 Questions)
  6. Circuit – Current (4 Questions)
  7. Circuit – Potential Difference (6 Questions)
  8. Electromotive Force (7 Questions)
  9. Electrical Energy and Power (7 Questions)

03 Electromagnetism

Revision Notes Videos
  1. Introduction to Magnetism (Revision)
  2. Electromagnet
    1. Straight Wire (Video 1)
    2. Flat Coil
    3. Solenoid
    4. Apllications of Electromagnet
      1. Electric Bell
      2. Electromagnetic Relay
      3. Circuit Breaker
      4. Telephone Earpiece
  3. Force on a Current Carrying Conductor
    1. Turning Effect of a Current-Carrying Coil in a Magnetic Field
      1. Moving Coil Meter
      2. Direct Current Motor
      3. Loud Speaker
    2. Force between 2 Current Carrying Conductor
  4. Electromagnetic Induction
    1. Faraday's Law and Lenz's Law (Video 1)
    2. Induced EMF and Current in a Straight Wire
    3. Induced EMF and Current in a Solenoid
    4. Application of Electromagnetic Induction
      1. DC Generator
      2. AC Generator (Video 1)
    5. Direct Current and Alternating Current
    6. Root Mean Square Voltage/Current
  5. Transformer
    1. Types of Transformer and Their Calculation
    2. Factors Affect the Efficiency of a Transformer
  6. Generation and Transmission of Electricity
    1. Sources of Energy Used to Generate Electricity
      1. Hydroelectric
      2. Fossil Fuel
      3. Solar Energy
      4. Nuclear Power
      5. Biomass Energy
      6. Wind Energy
    2. Transmission of Electricity
    3. National Grid Network
  7. Formulae List- Mind Map
  1. Electromagnet - Introduction
  2. Electromagnet - Straight Wire
  3. Right Hand Grip Rule and Maxwell's Screw Rule
  4. Electromagnet - Flat Coil
  5. Electromagnet - Solenoid
  6. The Catapult Field
  7. Direct Current Motor
  8. Electromagnetic Induction - Pole and Direction of Current
  9. Finding the Direction of Current by Using Fleming's Right Hand Rule
  10. Lenz's Law
  11. Fleming's Right-Hand Rule
  12. AC Generator
  13. Transformer - Introduction
  14. Working Principle of Transformer
  15. Types of Transformer
  16. Types of Current in A Transformer


04 Electronics

Revision Notes Videos
  1. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
    1. Thermionic Emission
    2. Cathode Ray
    3. Structure of Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
    4. Using Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
    5. Uses of Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
      1. Measuring Potential Difference
      2. Measuring Short Time Interval
      3. Displaying Wave Forms
  2. Semiconductor
    1. Holes and Free Electrons (Video 1)
    2. Flows of Free Electrons and Holes
    3. Doping a semiconductor
    4. N-Type Semiconductor
    5. P-Type Semiconductor
    6. Summary
  3. Semiconductor Diodes
    1. Forward Bias and Reverse Bias
    2. Diodes as Rectifiers
    3. Full Wave Rectification
    4. Capacitor Smoothing
  4. Transistors
    1. Connection of Transistors
    2. Current in Transistor
    3. Uses of Transistor
      1. Current Amplifier
      2. Automatic Switch
  5. Logic Gates
    1. Symbol, Boolean Algebra and Truth Table
    2. Combination of Logic Gate
    3. NAND gate as the universal gate
  6. Formulae List - Mind Map
  1. Introduction to Electronics
  2. Thermionic Emission
  3. Factors Affecting the Rate of Thermionic Emission 
  4. Maltese Cross Tube
  5. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO)
  6. Using Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
  7. Conductivity of Semiconductors
  8. Semiconductor - Flow of Electrons and Holes
  9. Extrinsic Semiconductors 
  10. Semiconductor Diode
  11. Forward Bias and Reverse Bias
  12. Half-wave Rectification
  13. Full-wave Rectification
  14. Transistors
  15. How a Transistor Work?
  16. Connection of Transistor
  17. Current in a Transistor
  18. Transistor as an Amplifier
  19. Transistor as an Automatic Switch
  20. Logic Gate
  21. Types of Logic Gates


Objective Questions

  1. Thermionic Emission and Cathode Ray (5 Questions)
  2. Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (5 Questions)
  3. Semiconductor (5 Questions)
  4. Semiconductor Diode (6 Questions)
  5. Transistors (7 Questions)
  6. Logic Gates (5 Questions)

05 Radioactivity

Revision Notes Videos
  1. The Composition of the Nucleus
  2. Radioactivity
    1. 3 Types of Radioactive Emission
    2. Characteristics of Radioactive Emission
  3. Detectors of Radiation
    1. Gold Leaf Electroscope
    2. Geiger-Muller Tube
    3. Cloud Chamber
    4. Spark-Chamber Detector
    5. Film Badge (Dosimeter)
  4. Radioactive Decay
    1. Alpha Decay
    2. Beta Decay
    3. Gamma Decay
    4. Series Decay
  5. Half-life
  6. Uses of Radioisotopes
    1. Uses of Radioisotope in Archeology
    2. Uses of Radioisotope in Industry
    3. Uses of Radioisotope in Medical
    4. Uses of Radioisotope in Agriculture
  7. Nuclear Energy
    1. Nuclear Fission
      1. Chain Reaction
    2. Nuclear Fusion
    3. Generation of Electricity from Nuclear Fission
  8. Formulae List - Mind Map
  1. Radioactivity
  2. Radioactive Emission
  3. Characteristics of Radioactive Emission
  4. Gold Leaf Electroscope
  5. Geiger-Muller Tube
  6. Cloud Chamber & Spark Chamber Detectors
  7. Film Badge (Dosimeter)
  8. Alpha Decay, Beta Decay & Gamma Decay
  9. Half Life | Examples
  10. Nuclear Fission
  11. Nuclear Fusion
  12. Nuclear Reactor

Objective Questions

  1. Radioactivity (8 Questions)
  2. Radioactive Decay (10 Questions)
  3. Nuclear Energy (5 Questions)